Journal of The Korean Society of Physical Medicine

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Table. 2.

Differences in shoulder alignment according to the application of the intervention program

Variable group Apply Exercise Program Within group interaction effect
pre post
Lt Pmi Combineda
(n = 10)		 9.98 ± 1.19 10.23 ± 1.4 z = -2.429
p = .015*		 -
Neutralb
(n = 10)		 9.22 ± .47 9.5 ± .57 t = -3.539
p = .006**
Rollerc
(n = 10)		 9.52 ± .91 9.59 ± 1.09 t = -1.567
p = . 151
Between group z = 4.214
p = .122		 z = 1.931
p = . 381
Rt Pmi Combineda
(n = 10)		 9.58 ± 1.35 9.82 ± 1.4 z = -2.67
p = .008**		 -
Neutralb
(n = 10)		 9.22 ± .56 9.48 ± .54 t = -4.496
p = .001**
Rollerc
(n = 10)		 9.06 ± .95 9.21 ± 1.03 t = -2.534
p = .032*
Between group z = .034
p = .983		 z = .127
p = . 939
Lt Fsp
(cm)		 Combineda
(n = 10)		 14.29 ± 1.22 13.66 ± 1.34 t = 3.509
p = .007**		 -
Neutralb
(n = 10)		 14.97 ± 1.67 14.54 ± 1.37 t = 2.280
p = .049*
Rollerc
(n = 10)		 13.38 ± .68 12.94 ± .99 z = -2.439
p = .015*
Between group z = 5.740
p = .057		 f = 4.103
p = .028*
Rt Fsp
(cm)		 Combineda
(n = 10)		 14.58 ± 1.23 13.96 ± 1.28 t = 3.708
p = .005**		 f = 2.284
p = . 121
Neutralb
(n = 10)		 15.47 ± 1.54 14.98 ± 1.25 t = 3.347
p = .009**
Rollerc
(n = 10)		 14.21 ± .71 13.99 ± .88 t = 3.025
p = .014*
Between group f = 2.851
p = .075		 f = 2.526
p = . 099

PMI: Pectoralis minor length index; FSP: Forward shoulder posture

Combined: Shoulder retraction with external rotation

Neutral: Shoulder retraction with neutral position

Roller: Foam rolling group

*p < . 05, **p < . 01
J Korean Soc Phys Med 2024;19:87-101 https://doi.org/10.13066/kspm.2024.19.4.87
© 2024 J Korean Soc Phys Med