Journal of The Korean Society of Physical Medicine

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Table. 3.

Differences in shoulder strength according to the application of an intervention program

Variable group Apply Exercise Program Within group interaction effect
pre post
Lt Ext
(N/BW%)		 Combineda
(n = 10)		 22.76 ± 5.39 25.4 ± 4.73 t = -5.814
p = < .001**		 f = 7.270
p = .003**
Neutralb
(n = 10)		 19.01 ± 3.38 21.45 ± 3.53 t = -3.882
p = .004**
Rollerc
(n = 10)		 21.26 ± 3.67 21.66 ± 3.55 t = -2.151
p = .060
Between group f = 1.982
p = .157		 f = 3.115
p = . 061
Rt Ext
(N/BW%)		 Combineda
(n = 10)		 25.75 ± 4.84 28.43 ± 4.27 t = -6.888
p = < .001**		 f = 8.936
p = .001**
Neutralb
(n = 10)		 21.65 ± 3.16 24.12 ± 2.7 t = -4.552
p = .001**
Rollerc
(n = 10)		 23.87 ± 5.07 24.2 ± 4.58 t = -.961
p = .324
Between group f = 2.134
p = .138		 f = 3.917
p = .032*
Lt MT
(N/BW%)		 Combineda
(n = 10)		 12.69 ± 2.76 17.27 ± 3.22 t = -9.254
p = < .001**		 f = 18.865
p = < .001**
Neutralb
(n = 10)		 11.34 ± 3.62 13.66 ± 3.46 t = -4.621
p = .001**
Rollerc
(n = 10)		 13.91 ± 4.68 14.48 ± 4.49 t = -1.501
p = .084
Between group f = 1.167
p = .327		 f = 2.510
p = . 100
Rt MT
(N/BW%)		 Combineda
(n = 10)		 14.15 ± 3.63 16.62 ± 4.24 t = -5.239
p = < .001**		 f = 16.772
p = < .001**
Neutralb
(n = 10)		 12.44 ± 3.09 15.09 ± 3.63 t = -5.158
p = < .001**
Rollerc
(n = 10)		 15.56 ± 4.24 15.63 ± 3.90 t = -.209
p = .839
Between group f = 2.204
p = .152		 f = 3.086
p = . 062

Ext: external rotator; MT: Middle trapezius

Combined: Shoulder retraction with external rotation

Neutral: Shoulder retraction with neutral position

Roller: Foam rolling group

*p < .05, **p < .01
J Korean Soc Phys Med 2024;19:87-101 https://doi.org/10.13066/kspm.2024.19.4.87
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